What is the Use of ping command ?

Ping command is used to test the ability of the source computer to reach the destination computer.
usage of ping command
ping domain name
     or
ping ip address

Examples:
1.  ping www.example.com
2.  ping 192.168.1.78

Red Hat File System:13 Directories

The Red hat/Linux file system contains following 13 directories. This 13 directories are the core of Red hat/Linux Operating system.

1. bin
Stores program files of both applications and operating system.

2. boot
It stores boot loader files, packages, and directories.

3. dev
It contains all devices and information files and folders.

4. etc
Configuration files of all applications and services

5. home
Contains all local users home folder.

6. lib
All applications architecture and data saving in lib and lib 64 folder. If the application is in 32 bit, it is saved into lib and it converted to 64 bit and stored in lib 64 folder.(It depend upon the operating systems used.)

7. sbin
 Local user running commands stores here.

8. media
Default mount point for all external devices.

9. mnt
Manual mount pointer.

10. root
Administrator or roots home folder

11. misc
Programs that are created by the users stored here.

12. var
OS determining file sharing folder

13. usr
It contains script file path of all executing commands.

Basic Red Hat Commands

1) To create a directory (folder)

     mkdir directory name

2)  To open a directory (folder)

      nautilus path of directory

3) to change from one directory to another

       cd  new path of directory 

  4)   to quite from a directory

         cd ..

 5) to view content of present working directory
   
      pwd

6) to list the items in the present working directory

         ls

7) to list hidden files

       ls -a

8)  to show the details of permissions of directory
     
        ls -l